Abstract: Sustainable forest management is the fundamental approach to improving forest quality. Despite its abundant total forest resources, Yunnan province still faces issues of suboptimal forest quality and unbalanced structure. In 2023, Yunnan province initiated a national-level pilot program for sustainable forest management. This paper takes five pilot units as the research subjects. From the perspective of monitoring and evaluation, it conducts an in-depth analysis of the current problems in sustainable forest management, and proposes targeted countermeasure and suggestion. The aim is to provide theoretical and practical references for improving the level of regional forest sustainable management.