Abstract: Green peafowl (Pavo muticus) is designated as a national first-class protected species, and its population has declined seriously in China in the past 30 years. Ex situ conservation is an important approach of conservation and research of green peafowl, while rescuing individuals without conditions for release is an important source for the establishment of artificial populations. Longling Xiaoheishan Nature Reserve rescued three wild green peafowl individuals between 2018 and 2019. After 5 years' exploration of breeding and breeding model in the near natural environment based on the original habitat of green peacocks, six green peafowls were successfully bred through natural hatching. It is found that: (1) the overall behavior of green peafowls is close to its state in the wild; (2) there is a significant correlation between night roosting time and sunset time, but there is no significant correlation between tree activity time and sunrise time; (3) the hatching rate and survival rate of natural hatching chicks are better than that of artificial hatching. We suggest that the rescue of green peafowl, the construction of breeding grounds, and the establishment of artificial populations need to simulate the natural conditions of the original habitat. Under the condition that the artificial hatching technology is not yet fully mature, priority should be given to natural hatching to ensure the success rate of hatching and the survival rate of nestlings.