Abstract: Through the deployment of infrared cameras and sampling lines, and a large number of questionnaire interviews to the management personnel and the surrounding communities of the Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan, it’s included that the main threat factors in the protection and management process of Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve are grazing, tourism activities and human interference. In response, corresponding measures are proposed to optimize the livestock industry, tourism management, resource management, and the popular science propaganda in order to provide a necessary theoretical basis for the protection and management of the Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve in the future.