Abstract: There were 34 species of Rhododendron originally recorded in Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve, and seven species have been added in the second scientific investigation in the last two years, and 41 species have been recorded at present.According to the newly distributed national wild protected plant list, Rhododendron williamsianum is listed as national II class protected plant, which is widely distributed in Shugucaozi of Jiaozi Mountain. In view of its survival status, we have formulated the corresponding protection measures. Rhododendron L. are famous ornamental plants with rich color and long flowering period. They are distributed in different areas of middle and high altitude of Jiaozi Mountain. In this paper, the patterns of color,flowering period and distribution of different species of rhododendrons are analyzed, and protection suggestions and monitoring schemes are put forward.