Abstract: Taking the degraded grassland in Hulunbeier as the research object, and Third National Land Survey as the base map, the recovery of desertification land in Hulunbeier grassland was analyzed. Using the technical method of combining high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation with ground investigation in 2023, and combining macro monitoring with special monitoring of sample plots, this paper expounds the internal relationship between grassland desertification and related factors, and provides scientific basis for evaluating the effectiveness of grassland desertification land control. The results show that the total vegetation coverage ≥ 60% is the primary condition for desertification land to be converted into non-desertification land, and the higher the coverage level, the greater the probability of desertification land being converted into non-desertification land. Shrub-grass vegetation coverage type can promote soil improvement in desertification grassland; in terms of tree(grass) species composition factors, the mixed structure of shrub and grass is beneficial to desertification control; among the types of control measures, artificial afforestation measures are the main factors for the conversion of desertification land into non-desertification land.