Abstract: Fire prevention work is closely linked to the strategic layout of ecological civilization construction and has always been a core issue in the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This article analyzes the current status and existing problems of fire prevention work in Yunnan Wenshan National Nature Reserve, and puts forward corresponding optimization strategies. It is hoped that this can further enhance the attention and management of fire prevention work in nature reserves, consolidate the ecological security barrier in southeastern Yunnan, and at the same time provide some practical experience and suggestion for workers in related fields.