Abstract: In order to understand the protection situation of key protected wild animals and plants in nature reserves in Guangdong province, since 2021, provincial-level and above nature reserves in Guangdong province have continuously carried out investigation and monitoring work on key protected wild animals and plants. By the end of 2024, there were 286 species of key protected wild animals in provincial-level and above nature reserves in Guangdong province, accounting for 89.1% of the total number of key protected wild animals in the province. Among them, there were 54 species of first-class key protected wild animals and 232 species of second-class key protected wild animals. There are obvious regional differences in the spatial distribution of key protected wild animals in nature reserves, but the quantity difference is not significant; in terms of time, there has been an improving trend in recent years, but the conservation pressure is still high. In the future, efforts should be made to strengthen protection publicity and education, strengthen the construction of collaborative management mechanisms, increase the protection of wildlife habitats, strengthen the investigation and monitoring of wild animals, and strengthen the construction of wildlife breeding bases to protect wild animals.