Abstract: By building MODIS NDVI and EVI time series data sets from 2010 to 2019 in Shendong mining area,linear regression analysis of the least square method and significance test were used to study the temporal and spatial change characteristics of vegetation coverage in the Shendong mining area between 10 years,based on the relative annual change rate of NDVI and EVI.The research shows:1) from the distribution of the annual NDVI and EVI,the vegetation coverage of Shendong mining area is low in the northeast and a few mines,and the distribution characteristics of the edge of the Mu Us Desert are basically unchanged,the southeast and some areas along the Lake Hongjiannao are relatively high;2) from the time variation of annual NDVI and EVI in the vegetation covered area in Shendong mining area,the values of NDVI and EVI fluctuate between 0.2-0.3 and 0.1-0.2 from 2010 to 2019.The vegetation coverage area NDVI and EVI showed a significant increase;3) from the spatial trends of NDVI and EVI,where the values of NDVI increase occupies 95.73% and 91.12% of the vegetation covered area,while the area where the values of NDVI decrease accounts for 2.97% and 2.72%,1.31% and 6.17% of the vegetation covered area remained unchanged.According to the analysis results,the vegetation coverage has increased significantly and the ecological environment has continued to improve in Shendong mining area.