Abstract: To sustain long-term coexistence, it is important to avoid conflicts between protected area management and local people's needs. How to realize the communities development of conservation and community is a severe challenge facing the nature reserve. Dashanbao Grus nigricollis National Nature Reserve has many community residents, and the residents rely on natural resources, which makes the contradiction between nature reserve and community more prominent. Using the methods of participatory rural appraisaland and questionnaire, this paper discusses the current situation and existing problems of the relationship between nature reserve and communities, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestion.