Abstract: Through the annual monitoring of national non-commercial forest, this article analyzes the dynamic changes of the scope, quantity, structure, ownership and protection grade of national non-commercial forest in Yunnan province, summarizes the effectiveness and experience of national non-commercial forest construction, and proposes the problems and strategies in monitoring and managing of national non-commercial forest from monitoring and managing system、the utilization of national non-commercial forest、 ecological benefit compensation、the spatial distribution of national non-commercial forest.