Abstract: Forest chief system is a guarantee system for the coordinated development of social ecology and economy.In order to study the role of forest chief system in forestry management system,taking Shandong province as an example,this paper analyzes the background significance of forest chief system and the effectiveness of mechanism operation,summarizes the contradictions,difficulties and problems in the reform and puts forward countermeasures and suggestion.It is necessary to deepen the position and action of reform of forest chief system in the process of forestry management system in Shangdong province.