Abstract: In order to explore the spatial distribution and resource characteristics of ancient trees in Dongchuan district, based on the census data of ancient trees in 2023 and the supplementary survey data in 2024, ArcGIS10.8 kernel density (KDE) and digital elevation model (DEM) were used to study the ancient trees in Dongchuan District. The results showed that in terms of spatial distribution, the ancient trees in the study area showed 1 high-density area, 1 sub-density area and 6 density areas. The proportion of land use types accounted for forest land > cultivated land > residential land > public management and public service land > industrial and mining land > garden land > grassland > traffic land > land waters ; the proportion of slope aspect distribution is semi-sunny slope > semi-shady slope > shady slope > sunny slope ; the proportion of slope distribution was grade II > grade III > grade I > grade IV > grade V ; The distribution of vegetation zones accounted for the warm temperate coniferous forest vegetation zone > dry-hot valley shrub-grass vegetation zone > mid-mountain humid evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation zone. In terms of resource characteristics, there were 262 ancient trees in the study area, belonging to 24 families, 45 genera and 57 species. The number of native tree species such as Toona ciliata, Quercus acutissima, Bombax ceiba, Pistacia chinensis and Juglans regia was the largest. The primary, secondary and tertiary ancient tree structures are pyramid-shaped ; the number of rural areas is more than that of urban areas.