Abstract: To understand the current status of amphibian resources in Nankunshan Provincial Nature Reserve, Guangdong province, we conducted line-transect surveys supplemented by historical records, and analyzed species composition, faunal characteristics, ecological types, conservation status and comparisons with other protected areas in Guangdong. The results showed that: (1) a total of 42 amphibian species were recorded, belonging to 2 orders, 8 families and 26 genera. The order Caudata contained 1 family, 1 genus and 1 species, whereas the order Anura contained 7 families, 25 genera and 41 species. Ranidae and Dicroglossidae were the main families, with 6 genera and 14 species and 5 genera and 6 species, accounting for 33.33% and 14.29% of the total species, respectively. (2) The fauna showed typical Oriental-realm characteristics, dominated by species from the South China region, with 16 species accounting for 38.10%. (3) The dominant ecological type was terrestrial still-water species, with 22 species accounting for 52.38%, followed by arboreal species and stream-dwelling species, with 9 and 7 species accounting for 21.43% and 16.67%, respectively. (4) The reserve supported rich rare and threatened species, including 2 species under national Class II protection, 4 species under Guangdong provincial key protection, and 26 species listed as terrestrial wildlife of important ecological, scientific or social value. In the Red List of China’s Vertebrates, 4 species were Endangered, 3 were Vulnerable, 5 were Near Threatened, and 6 were Not Evaluated. (5) Under the currently comparable data, amphibian species richness in Nankunshan was relatively high. Overall, Nankunshan Provincial Nature Reserve has high amphibian diversity and notable endemism, including two type-locality species, Boulenophrys nankunensis and Nidirana nankunensis, and is important for amphibian diversity conservation in Guangdong Province.