Abstract: By using the Shift-Share Analysis method,the total output value,forestry structure and industrial competitiveness of Anhui Province since the implementation of forest chief system reform were analyzed,and the law and potential of forestry industry development were explored.The results show that since the implementation of forest chief system reform in Anhui Province,the forestry industrial structure has gradually shifted from the second industry owners to the coordinated development of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,but it still needs to be further optimized and adjusted.The primary and secondary forestry industries have prominent regional competitive advantages and long-term development potential,while the tertiary forestry industry is weak in competitiveness,but it has a good industrial structure foundation,which also verifies the correctness of the forest chief system reform based on the theory of "two mountains" in Anhui Province in recent years.Study above,still need to further promote the reform of forest chief system,in Anhui province on forest ecological tourism and public management services of forestry of the third industry to give preferential policy support,improve the utilization of forestry resources to maintain the steady growth of the first industry of forestry,promote the second forestry industry with high added value and deep processing of industrial transformation and upgrading,enhance competitiveness of forestry industry,and realize the forestry ecological economy that has both gold and silver mountains and clear water and green mountains.