Abstract: The construction of forest protection system has become an important force in forest resources protection in adjacent areas. With the institutional reform, the function of forest fire prevention and extinguishing has changed. Under the new situation of reform, the joint forest protection work is facing new challenges. This paper summarizes the subject, content and characteristics of forest protection joint defense, analyzes problems of forest protection system under the new situation, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestion for the construction of forest protection system from the following aspects:organizational leadership, regulatory functions, institutional mechanisms, policy support and innovative development in order to provide reference for the construction of forest protection system.